Description
Power Grid Resilience, Second Edition, Volume 1: Engineering for Natural Hazards delivers an updated comprehensive engineering guide to strengthening electrical infrastructure against natural disasters and emerging risks. It addresses today’s urgent challenges by combining foundational theory with practical applications, giving power industry professionals a clear roadmap to bolster grid reliability under adverse conditions.
Volume 1 provides an in-depth examination of how climate-driven hazards – from heat waves and droughts to fierce windstorms and blizzards – alter the performance and durability of generation, transmission, and distribution assets. Validated numerical models and documented case studies quantify vulnerabilities in equipment thermal limits, structural loads, and system stability. Dive deep into mitigation strategies that provide engineering solutions to harden and modernize the grid. Ranging from infrastructure hardening and advanced component design to adaptive operational practices and microgrid deployment, each approach is designed to ensure practitioners reduce outage risks. State-of-the-art analytics, including AI and machine learning techniques for predictive forecasting and anomaly detection, are integrated throughout as innovative tools to enhance situational awareness and crisis response.
This authoritative resource empowers electrical engineers, utility planners, energy infrastructure operators, researchers, and technical policymakers to reinforce critical power systems and ensure continuity of essential services amid an evolving threat landscape.
Table Of Contents
Chapter 1: Heat Waves
Introduction
Effects of Heat Waves on Power Systems
Effect of High Ambient and Water Temperatures on Thermoelectric Power Generation Systems
Case Histories
Preparations for Heat Waves
Demand Response: Analysis of Strategies and Implementation
Use of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Load Forecasting
Chapter Summary
Test Your Knowledge
References and Further Readings
Appendix 1A: Defining a Heat Wave
Appendix 1B: Heat Waves Data and Trends
Appendix 1C: Impact of Heat Waves on U.S. Energy Markets
Chapter 2: Effect of Droughts on Hydroelectric Power Plants
Introduction
Water Use by Hydroelectric Plants
Classifications of Hydroelectric Plants
Sizing the Penstock
Effects of Droughts on Different Hydroelectric Plant Types
Case Studies
Possible Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning to Minimize the Impacts of Droughts on Hydroelectric Generation
Chapter Summary
Appendix 2B: Impact of Droughts and Heat Waves
Test Your Knowledge
References and Further Readings
Chapter 3: Effect of Droughts on Thermoelectric Power Plants
Introduction
Thermoelectric Plant Water Usage
Impact of Retiring Coal Power on Water Withdrawals
Thermoelectric Cooling Technologies
Chapter Summary
Test Your Knowledge
References and Further Readings
Chapter 4: Failure of Distribution Transformers in Heat Waves
Introduction
Impact on California Power System
Failure of Distribution Transformers During Heat Waves
Rating Practices of Distribution Transformers in the United States
Hot Spot and Top Oil Temperatures During Heat Waves
Estimating Remaining Life of Transformer
Formulation of Transformer Loss of Life Based on IEEE C57.91-2011
IEEE C57.91-1995 Clause 7 Thermal Model for Transformer Aging
Solar Heating of the Pole Top Distribution Transformer
Lessons Learned
Potential Use of Artificial Intelligence and machine Learning
Chapter Summary
Test Your Knowledge
References and Further Readings
Chapter 5: Extreme Weather Effects on Underground Cables
Cable Ampacity and Thermal Conditions
Factors Influencing Thermal Resistivity of the Soil
Simplified approach for underground cables derating calculations
Case Histories
Water Treeing in Underground Cables: Mechanisms and Implications
Utility Decision-Making During Heat wave: Derating Underground Cable Loads
Potential Applications of AI and ML in Cable Ampacity Calculations
Chapter Summary
Test Your Knowledge
References and Further Readings
Chapter 6: Effect of Lack of Moisture on Transmission Line Lightning Performance
Introduction
Brief Overview of Line Insulation Coordination
Lightning and Switching Impulse Withstands: Tower Insulation Strength
Lighting Overvoltages (Stress on the Tower Insulation)
General Practical Transmission Lines Grounding Systems
A Simplified Method for Calculating the Tower Impulse Resistance
Sources of Earth Electrical Resistivity Data in the United States
Potential?AI/ML Enhancements to Transmission-Line Lightning Performance
Appendix A: Summary of Line Insulation Coordination Requirements
Chapter Summary
Test Your Knowledge
References and Further Readings
Chapter 7: Effects of Heavy Winter Precipitation on Transmission Line Insulation
Effects of Rain on Insulator Dielectric Strength
Effects of Rain on The Lightning and Switching Surge Withstand
Effects of Snow and Ice on Insulator Dielectric Strength
Case Histories
Cold-Climate Maintenance Practices
Advanced Insulator Technologies
Chapter Summary
Test Your Knowledge
References and Further Readings
Chapter 8: Transmission Lines Corona Losses
Introduction
Conductor and Surface Gradients
Conductor Surface Gradient – Bundled Conductors
Corona Onset Gradient
Occurrence of Corona Losses
Annual Transmission Line Corona Losses
Voltage Considerations and Corona Losses
Case Histories
Advanced Corona Mitigation, Monitoring, and Weather Effects
Chapter Summary
Test Your Knowledge
References and Further Readings