Description
With more than 15 billion Wi-Fi enabled devices, Wi-Fi has proven itself as a technology that has successfully evolved over the past 25 years. The need for high-speed connectivity is growing, as Wi-Fi has evolved into a fundamental utility that is expected to be available everywhere. This comprehensive resource covers six generations of Wi-Fi standards including protocol, implementation, and network deployment for both residential and enterprise environments. It will provide readers with a new understanding of how to approach and debug basic Wi-Fi problems, and will grant those wondering whether to pick 5G or Wi-Fi 6 for their product the clarity needed to make an informed decision.
Readers will find in-depth coverage of Wi-Fi encryption and authentication methods, including explorations of recently uncovered security vulnerabilities and how to fix them. This book also provides detailed information on the implementation of Wi-Fi, including common regulatory and certification requirements, as well its associated challenges. This book also provides direction on the placement of Wi-Fi access points in indoor locations. It introduces the most recent Wi-Fi 6E certification, which defines requirements for devices operating on the newly opened 6 GHz band. Wi-Fi 6 is then compared with 5G technology, and this resource provides insight into the benefits of each as well as how these two technologies can be used to complement each other.
Table Of Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Why and When Wi-Fi started?
1.2 Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical (PHY) Layers
1.3 IEEE and WFA
1.4 Organization of Chapters to Follow
2 Wi-Fi Generations 1 to 5 Overview
2.1 MAC Layer Overview
2.2 PHY Layer Overview
2.3 Downlink Multiuser-MIMO (MU-MIMO) in Wi-Fi 5
3 Wi-Fi Generation 6 (802.11ax)
3.1 HE PPDU
3.2 OFDMA
3.2.1 Downlink
3.3 MU-MIMO
3.4 Single User Vs Multi-User scheduling
3.5 Power Save – Target Wake Time (TWT)
3.6 OMI : Changing Capabilities Without Re-association
3.7 Multi-BSS
3.8 Spatial Reuse
3.9 MU RTS
3.10 DCM for Extended Range
3.11 Wi-Fi6 Benefits in Dense Deployments
4 Wi-Fi 6E – Entering 6GHz band
4.1 FILS Discovery
4.2 Out of band Network Discovery
4.3 Optimized Connectivity Experience (OCE)
4.4 Agile Multiband
5 Wireless Security
5.1 MAC Filtering
5.2 Encryption
5.3 Authentication
5.4 Wi-Fi Protected Setup
5.5 WPA3
5.6 Open Wireless Encryption
5.7 Secure Fast Roaming
5.8 Security Monitoring
6 Wi-Fi Positioning (802.11mc)
6.1 Wi-Fi RTT Packet Exchange Timing Diagram
6.2 RTT Device Calibration
6.3 Triangulation
7 Wi-Fi Implementation
7.1 Hardware
7.2 Software
7.3 Regulatory Requirements in 2.4GHz, 5GHz and 6GHz Bands
8 Wi-Fi Deployment
8.1 Residential vs. Enterprise
8.2 Ethernet Backhaul, Power Over Ethernet and Mesh
8.3 Planning
8.4 Placement
9 Wi-Fi6 and 5G
9.1 Comparison of Wi-Fi6 and 5G PHY
9.2 Spider diagram
9.3 Licensed Vs Unlicensed Spectrum
9.4 Private LTE/5G and CBRS
9.5 Why Wi-Fi6 has its place?
9.6 Thoughts and Concluding Remarks
10 60 GHz Wi-Fi
10.1 802.11ad Overview
10.2 802.11ay Overview
10.3 Use cases
11 Conclusion
Appendix
A. IEEE Standardization Process
B. 802.11 Alphabet Soup
C. WFA Certification